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Malnutrition
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Signs and Symptoms
General malnutrition often develops slowly, over months or years. As the body’s store of nutrients is depleted, changes begin to happen at the cellular level, affecting biochemical processes and decreasing the body’s ability to fight infections. Over time, a variety of symptoms may begin to emerge, including:
Anemia
Weight loss, decreased muscle mass, and weakness
Dry scaly skin
Edema (swelling, due to lack of protein)
Hair that has lost its pigment
Brittle and malformed (spooned) nails
Chronic diarrhea
Slow wound healing
Bone and joint pain
Growth retardation (in children)
Mental changes such as confusion and irritability
Goiter (enlarged thyroid)
Specific nutrient deficiencies may cause characteristic symptoms. For instance, vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to tingling, numbness, and burning in the hands and feet (due to nerve damage), a lack of vitamin A may cause night blindness and increased sensitivity to light, and a lack of vitamin D can cause bone pain and malformation. The severity of symptoms depends on the intensity and duration of the deficiency. Some changes, such as to bone and nerves, may be irreversible.
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Related Pages
 On This Site
Tests: Albumin, CBC, CMP, Electrolytes, Iron Tests, Lipid Profile, Urinalysis, Prealbumin, Vitamin D, Vitamin B12 and FolateConditions: Metabolic Syndrome, Alcoholism, Celiac Disease, Cystic Fibrosis, Diarrhea, HIV, Pancreatic Insufficiency, Pregnancy
 Elsewhere On The Web
This article last reviewed on December 6, 2004.
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