NOTE: This article is based on research that utilizes the sources cited here as well as the collective experience of the Lab Tests Online Editorial Review Board. This article is periodically reviewed by the Editorial Board and may be updated as a result of the review. Any new sources cited will be added to the list and distinguished from the original sources used.

We have included the web address to online sources used in developing and reviewing this article for documentation purposes only. Links included on this Sources page were valid, working links at the time this article was originally prepared, and at each update as indicated here. Please be aware that the source owner may, from time to time, reorganize the source web site, which can result in broken links on our pages. If you wish to access a source and come across a broken link, you may still be able to access it by entering just the parent web address in your browser's address bar (e.g., "www.nih.gov") and then by entering the source title in the site's search feature.

S1
Thomas, Clayton L., Editor (1997). Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA [18th Edition].

S2
Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (2001). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 5th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO.

S3
Reaven, G. (2004 June). The metabolic syndrome or the insulin resistance syndrome? Different names, different concepts, and different goals [35 paragraphs]. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics V33 (2) [On-line journal]. Available E-mail: greaven@cvmed.stanford.edu

S4
(2004 May). Insulin Resistance and Pre-Diabetes [37 paragraphs]. National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse, NIH Publication No. 04-4893 [On-line information]. Available online: http://diabetes.niddk.nig.gov/dm/pubs/insulinresistance/

S5
(2002 August, Updated). Insulin Resistance Syndrome [7 paragraphs]. Familydoctor.org [On-line information]. Available online: http://familydoctor.org/660.xml

S6
Levin, A. (2003 July). Silent Scourge of Insulin Resistance [5 paragraphs]. NCRR Reporter, Cover Story [On-line news article]. Available online: http://www.ncrr.nih.gob/newspub/jul03rpt/sotries2.asp

S7
Sadovsky, R. (2004 February 15). Best Way to Identify Patients with Insulin Resistance [4 paragraphs]. American Family Physician, Tips from other Journals [On-line journal]. Available online: http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040215/tips/17.html

S8
Sadovsky, R. (2004 June 15). Metabolic Markers Predict Insulin Resistance [5 paragraphs]. American Family Physician, Tips from other Journals [On-line journal]. Available online: http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040615/tips/9.html