Total Protein and A/G Ratio

Also known as: TP; Albumin/Globulin ratio

Formal name: Total Protein; Albumin/Globulin ratio

Related tests: Albumin; Liver panel; Protein electrophoresis

The Test Sample

What is being tested?

Proteins are important building blocks of all cells and tissues; they are important for body growth, development, and health. They form the structural part of most organs and make up enzymes and hormones that regulate body functions. This test measures the total amount of the various types of proteins in the plasma portion of your blood.

There are two classes of proteins, albumin and globulin, found in the blood. Albumin is a carrier of many small molecules, but its main purpose is to keep fluid from leaking out of blood vessels through osmotic pressure. Globulin proteins include enzymes, antibodies, and more than 500 other proteins. The ratio of albumin to globulin (A/G ratio) is calculated from values obtained by direct measurement of total protein and albumin. It represents the relative amounts of albumin and globulins.

How is the sample collected for testing?

A blood sample is obtained by inserting a needle into a vein in your arm or by a fingerstick (for children and adults) or heelstick (for newborns).

NOTE: If undergoing medical tests makes you or someone you care for anxious, embarrassed, or even difficult to manage, you might consider reading one or more of the following articles: Coping with Test Pain, Discomfort, and Anxiety, Tips on Blood Testing, Tips to Help Children through Their Medical Tests, and Tips to Help the Elderly through Their Medical Tests.

Another article, Follow That Sample, provides a glimpse at the collection and processing of a blood sample and throat culture.

Is any test preparation needed to ensure the quality of the sample?

No test preparation is needed.