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Nicotine / Cotinine

Formal name: Nicotine; Cotinine

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NOTE: This article is based on research that utilizes the sources cited here as well as the collective experience of the Lab Tests Online Editorial Review Board. This article is periodically reviewed by the Editorial Board and may be updated as a result of the review. Any new sources cited will be added to the list and distinguished from the original sources used.

S1
Wu, A. (2006). Tietz Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, Fourth Edition. Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri. Pp 1326-1327, 1422-1425.

S2
Perez, E. (2007 January 19, Updated). Nicotine [14 paragraphs]. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Accessed on: 9/9/07. Available FTP: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002510.htm

S3
Wilson, S. et. al. (2007 April 10). The Role of Air Nicotine in Explaining Racial Differences in Cotinine Among Tobacco-Exposed Children [30 paragraphs]. Medscape from CHEST 2007;131(3):856-862 [On-line information]. Accessed on: 9/9/07. Available FTP: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/554042

S4
Barclay, L. (2007 July 20). Comprehensive Smoking Bans May Decrease Secondhand Smoke Exposure [8 paragraphs]. Medscape Medical News [On-line information]. Accessed on: 9/9/07. Available FTP: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/560150

S5
(2007 February). Nicotine and Related Compounds in Urine and Serum/Plasma [16 paragraphs]. ARUP Technical Bulletin [On-line information]. Accessed on: 9/9/07. PDF for download

S6
(1999-2000). Cotinine [143 paragraphs]. CDC Laboratory Procedure Manual [On-line information]. Accessed on: 9/9/07. PDF for dowload

S7
(2006 July). Nicotine Replacement Therapy [50 paragraphs ]. American Lung Association, Nicotine Replacement Therapy [On-line information]. Accessed on: 10/6/07. Available FTP: http://www.lungusa.org/site/apps/s/content.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=34706&ct=66696

S8
Thomas, Clayton L., Editor (1997). Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA [18th Edition]. pp. 1299-1300.

S9
Boulton, M., et. al. Reported (2003 May 9). Nicotine Poisoning After Ingestion of Contaminated Ground Beef --- Michigan, 2003 [12 paragraphs]. CDC MMWR [On-line information]. Accessed on: 10/6/07. Available FTP: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5218a3.htm

S10
Michigan Department of Community Health. Nicotine Factsheet (Online information, pdf file accessed November 2007). PDF for download