NOTE: This article is based on research that utilizes the sources cited here as well as the collective experience of the Lab Tests Online Editorial Review Board. This article is periodically reviewed by the Editorial Board and may be updated as a result of the review. Any new sources cited will be added to the list and distinguished from the original sources used.

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S1
Thomas, Clayton L., Editor (1997). Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA [18th Edition].

S2
Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (2001). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 5th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO.

Sources Used in November 2005 Update

S3
Sherman, M. (2005 June 23). Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Screening [46 paragraphs]. Medscape, from Semin Liver Dis. 2005;25(2):143-154 [On-line information]. Available FTP: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/506830

S4
(2005 January 05). LBA AFP-L3 [32 paragraphs]. Wako [On-line package insert]. Available FTP: http://liver.wakousa.com/pdfs/packageinsert.pdf

S5
Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Alpha Fetoprotein [3 paragraphs]. Specialty Laboratories [On-line information]. Available FTP: http://www.specialtylabs.com/books/display.asp?id=529

S6
Grund, S. (2004 August 10, Updated). Hepatocellular Carcinoma [11 paragraphs]. MedlinePlus, Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available FTP: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000280.htm

S7
(2005 April 14, Modified). Hepatocellular Cancer (PDQ®): Screening Health Professional Version [11 paragraphs]. National Cancer Institute [On-line information]. Available FTP: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/hepatocellular/healthprofessional/allpages

S8
(© 2003). Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) with AFP L3%, Serum [6 paragraphs]. Laboratory Corporation of America [On-line test information]. Available FTP: http://www.labcorp.com/datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/nf10005300.htm

S9
Wako Diagnostics Receives the FDA Approval for a New Biomarker for Liver Cancer. Press Release, Richmond VA USA -- Medical Industry E-mail News Service(TM) -- June 21, 2005.