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AFP Tumor Markers

Also known as: AFP; Total AFP; AFP-L3%
Formal name: Alpha-fetoprotein, Total; Alpha-fetoprotein-L3 percent
Related tests: CEA; hCG; Tumor markers, DCP

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NOTE: This article is based on research that utilizes the sources cited here as well as the collective experience of the Lab Tests Online Editorial Review Board. This article is periodically reviewed by the Editorial Board and may be updated as a result of the review. Any new sources cited will be added to the list and distinguished from the original sources used.

Sources Used in Current Review

Pagana, K. D. & Pagana, T. J. (© 2007). Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 8th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO. Pp 47-49.

Clarke, W. and Dufour, D. R., Editors (© 2006). Contemporary Practice in Clinical Chemistry: AACC Press, Washington, DC. Pp 271-272.

(2008 March). Germ Cell Tumors – Childhood. Cancer.Net [On-line information] Available online at http://www.cancer.net/patient/Cancer+Types/Germ+Cell+Tumor+-+Childhood through http://www.cancer.net. Accessed May 2009.

Vorvick, L. (2008 October 28). Alpha fetoprotein. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information] Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003573.htm. Accessed May 2009.

(Revised 2009 May 06). Overview: Liver Cancer, How Is Liver Cancer Found? American Cancer Society [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.cancer.org/docroot/cri/content/cri_2_2_3x_how_is_liver_cancer_found_25.asp through http://www.cancer.org. Accessed May 2009.

(Modified 2009 May 22). Adult Primary Liver Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) National Cancer Institute [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/adult-primary-liver/HealthProfessional/page1 through http://www.cancer.gov. Accessed May 2009.

(Revised 2009 May 14). Detailed Guide: Testicular Cancer, How Is Testicular Cancer Diagnosed? American Cancer Society [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.cancer.org/docroot/cri/content/cri_2_4_3x_how_is_testicular_cancer_diagnosed_41.asp?sitearea=ped through http://www.cancer.org. Accessed May 2009.

(Revised 2008 December 08). Tumor Markers, What are tumor markers? American Cancer Society [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.cancer.org/docroot/PED/content/PED_2_3X_Tumor_Markers.asp?sitearea=PED through http://www.cancer.org. Accessed May 2009.

Walzer, N. and Kulik, L. (2008 June 10). Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Latest Developments. Medscape from Current Opinion in Gastroenterology [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/573576 through http://www.medscape.com. Accessed May 2009.

(2007 November). AFP-L3% in Serum (Includes Total Alpha Fetoprotein). ARUP Technical Bulletin [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.aruplab.com/Testing-Information/resources/TechnicalBulletins/AFP-L3%20in%20Serum%20Includes%20Total%20Alpha%20Fetoprotein.pdf#xml=http://websearch-vrt.aruplab.net/isysquery/7223d4a4-4ce6-4449-a89a-f18f03b37138/7/hilite/ through http://www.aruplab.com. Accessed May 2009.

Sources Used in Previous Reviews

Thomas, Clayton L., Editor (1997). Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA [18th Edition].

Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (2001). Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 5th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO.

Sherman, M. (2005 June 23). Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Screening. Medscape, from Semin Liver Dis. 2005;25(2):143-154 [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/506830 through http://www.medscape.com.

(2005 January 05). LBA AFP-L3. Wako [On-line package insert]. PDF available for download at http://liver.wakousa.com/pdfs/packageinsert.pdf through http://liver.wakousa.com.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Alpha Fetoprotein. Specialty Laboratories [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.specialtylabs.com/books/display.asp?id=529 through http://www.specialtylabs.com.

Grund, S. (2004 August 10, Updated). Hepatocellular Carcinoma. MedlinePlus, Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000280.htm.

(2005 April 14, Modified). Hepatocellular Cancer (PDQ®): Screening Health Professional Version. National Cancer Institute [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/hepatocellular/healthprofessional/allpages through http://www.cancer.gov.

(© 2003). Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) with AFP L3%, Serum. Laboratory Corporation of America [On-line test information]. Available online at http://www.labcorp.com/datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/nf10005300.htm through http://www.labcorp.com.

Wako Diagnostics Receives the FDA Approval for a New Biomarker for Liver Cancer. Press Release, Richmond VA USA -- Medical Industry E-mail News Service(TM) -- June 21, 2005.